3p57sc.md (1268B)
1 Hence it follows, that the emotions of the animals 2 which are called irrational (for after learning the origin of 3 mind we cannot doubt that brutes feel) only differ from man's 4 emotions, to the extent that brute nature differs from human 5 nature. Horse and man are alike carried away by the desire of 6 procreation; but the desire of the former is equine, the desire 7 of the latter is human. So also the lusts and appetites of 8 insects, fishes, and birds must needs vary according to the 9 several natures. Thus, although each individual lives content 10 and rejoices in that nature belonging to him wherein he has his 11 being, yet the life, wherein each is content and rejoices, is 12 nothing else but the idea, or soul, of the said individual, and 13 hence the joy of one only differs in nature from the joy of 14 another, to the extent that the essence of one differs from the 15 essence of another. Lastly, it follows from the foregoing 16 proposition, that there is no small difference between the joy 17 which actuates, say, a drunkard, and the joy possessed by a 18 philosopher, as I just mention here by the way. Thus far I have 19 treated of the emotions attributable to man, in so far as he is 20 passive. It remains to add a few words on those attributable to 21 him in so far as he is active. 22 23